{"id":"W2025491821","doi":"10.1139/t07-087","title":"A novel filtration system for polyethylene glycol solutions used in the osmotic method of controlling suction","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Semipermeable membrane; Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Suction; Osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Physics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00119316,0.00009029607,0.0001706003,0.0001557992,0.0003847321,0.0000225965,0.0003392218,0.0001507051,0.00005390193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003693371,0.0000717279,0.00008720192,0.0003708795,0.0001477847,0.0001584722,0.00001564039,0.0003145672,0.000008322619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005669262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001559229,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01263752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01675723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987883,0.0000996824,0.0004050081,0.0001470915,0.000240969,0.0003189745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992667,0.0002229255,0.0001687257,0.0001993428,0.00002522581,0.0001170214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008895442,0.0001346345,0.001510121,0.00003608929,0.00003405128,0.00006271176,0.0007906504,0.6045218,0.3773651,0.005720084,0.003185141,0.006550597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007791738,0.001135657,0.06852477,0.0002849347,0.0001886493,0.01565448,0.00443742,0.8251832,0.05704208,0.00439532,0.01428671,0.001075055],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1050417,0.00005252412,0.8897686,0.003873617,0.000149977,0.0008169339,0.00002915934,0.00004825301,0.0002192872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881117,0.000009322614,0.01161784,0.0001393878,0.00004065676,0.00004655461,0.000003026185,0.000007340817,0.00002421528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9939374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0430895118665539,"score_gpt":0.2633393270539703,"score_spread":0.2202498151874164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}