{"id":"W2025992419","doi":"10.2118/0406-0048-jpt","title":"Applications of Nanotechnology in Oil and Gas E&amp;P","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","topic":"Oil and Gas Production Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Applications of nanotechnology; Cornerstone; Scale (ratio); Fossil fuel; Computer science; Engineering; Materials science; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001506251,0.00008687107,0.0002549487,0.001189551,0.00001429374,0.000003457404,0.0001709318,0.0002357842,0.000007266981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002261502,0.00008324807,0.00003443739,0.0004351331,0.0001509062,0.00006132674,0.00002898702,0.0003587823,0.000002062588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004033882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001167023,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001186046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004802556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999256,0.000007453533,0.0004408986,0.00008301378,0.00007308035,0.0001396154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995847,0.000014532,0.0001441939,0.0001737745,0.00006816422,0.00001467957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001349936,0.0001184202,0.006435322,0.000109947,0.00002953936,0.0000123077,0.00001980689,0.0007369969,0.1759565,0.009048359,0.001187962,0.8063313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00108811,0.0003248227,0.001256133,0.0001088418,0.00004065716,0.001464427,0.0001698816,0.0002340642,0.4767049,0.2046008,0.3136984,0.0003088917],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831966,0.004252497,0.006642536,0.004271142,0.00009987315,0.00002328787,0.000002715205,0.0003023653,0.001208978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870266,0.001712915,0.01101577,0.000005285212,0.00005610418,0.00001398636,5.298127e-7,0.00001359743,0.0001552285],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8060224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3394758,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003422203280399307,"score_gpt":0.2053262875330948,"score_spread":0.2019040842526955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}