{"id":"W2026055402","doi":"10.1080/0020174x.2014.907542","title":"No Work for a Theory of Grounding","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inquiry","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":771,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Computer science; Mathematical economics; Economics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007819936,0.001247204,0.001929428,0.002350337,0.005013207,0.009299525,0.005180238,0.007711357,0.03537817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01305923,0.0008812656,0.003099977,0.001840262,0.03140828,0.04260508,0.007120522,0.01581273,0.007688677],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005376134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002810071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002911113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002601841,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9947126,0.002054676,0.0002356422,0.001409643,0.001050135,0.0005373509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914144,0.003639787,0.0005751246,0.002660755,0.00103102,0.0006789361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003675164,0.000005351342,0.00002479044,0.00001792037,0.000003548085,0.000006566062,0.00006831028,0.0000663822,0.00001460449,0.9965731,0.001654726,0.001561107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006184365,0.000004102875,0.00001573475,0.00003022699,0.000002198642,0.000009502723,0.00006599167,0.0001477844,0.00002327196,0.9864807,0.01321055,0.00000365547],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01245451,0.01655369,0.2583571,0.2158545,0.005546506,0.0001169996,0.0009778779,0.0007957434,0.489343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6601574,0.008336877,0.1498308,0.04114395,0.009069306,0.0006441861,0.00150871,0.001571864,0.1277368],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03537817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1183518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1570767361856183,"score_gpt":0.3078657034292978,"score_spread":0.1507889672436795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}