{"id":"W2026075151","doi":"10.1086/343055","title":"A Spectroscopic Survey of a Sample of Active M Dwarfs","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astronomical Journal","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Astrophysics; Physics; Stars; Radial velocity; Rotation (mathematics); Emission spectrum; Line (geometry); Rotation period; Astronomy; Spectral line; Geometry; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002239597,0.0001060603,0.0002816254,0.00003105356,0.00008531933,0.00001341938,0.0002101881,0.00001612278,0.002003523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003481403,0.00007085376,0.0001064335,0.00006563136,0.0001327573,0.00004674654,0.00004390275,0.0002300915,0.00002438249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001530486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002416256,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008165499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001161248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991637,0.0001278919,0.0002984919,0.00008718389,0.0001191683,0.0002034912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988298,0.000638792,0.0002637485,0.0001507352,0.00006037967,0.00005655933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006095279,0.00008857302,0.9893703,0.000001646076,0.0002333985,8.743055e-8,0.0003293775,0.00006976185,0.00004615128,0.0001732646,0.0005051238,0.00912139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004858249,0.0001065607,0.9969489,0.00001064313,0.00004741203,0.000001951327,0.0001660319,0.0001929652,0.001286865,0.0005649813,0.0001262508,0.00006159936],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918829,0.0001527448,0.001903,0.0001158938,0.0001433153,0.00006593817,0.00004059476,0.000002424225,0.005693214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991289,0.00001119936,0.0005190541,0.000005154646,0.0002556714,0.000001035816,0.000006068447,0.000006731147,0.00006617246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009059791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989088,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02752563751512196,"score_gpt":0.2425653527465248,"score_spread":0.2150397152314029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}