{"id":"W2026306087","doi":"10.1057/cep.2012.31","title":"Age and political participation in Germany, France and the UK: A comparative analysis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative European Politics","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Comparative politics; Voting; Politics; Political action; Political science; Voting behavior; Demographic economics; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001194522,0.0001386645,0.0003882618,0.00009783326,0.000375751,0.0001094853,0.0001022062,0.00003787137,0.00003312147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001553029,0.0001033263,0.00005335305,0.0004232501,0.001350802,0.0001826994,0.00005489621,0.0001736626,0.00004112841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007024979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002603301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003675662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002222953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962122,0.002280962,0.0003571598,0.0001738171,0.0002218739,0.0007540179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985337,0.000764034,0.00008782263,0.0001422599,0.00007630167,0.0003958975],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009123904,0.00004306361,0.1647085,0.000004526673,0.00004709026,0.00000195309,0.03423404,0.000007746748,0.000009002518,0.8008416,0.00008264589,0.000010796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005842577,0.00002751767,0.9844512,0.00001448254,0.0001587649,6.678869e-7,0.002371358,0.0007748788,0.00002638992,0.00456698,0.006856111,0.0001674158],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9129567,0.0004437426,0.0002355102,0.0009474034,0.00007017452,0.0002826703,0.000009714785,0.00002212994,0.08503197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983941,0.000006006059,0.00004685488,0.000438904,0.0003625641,0.00001898687,0.000005526295,0.000005425245,0.0007215955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8197427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5556526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1069434157181543,"score_gpt":0.4151290833022736,"score_spread":0.3081856675841192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}