{"id":"W2026797698","doi":"10.1111/1467-9481.00103","title":"The Sociolinguistic Distribution of and Attitudes Toward Focuser <i>like</i> and Quotative <i>like</i>","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sociolinguistics","topic":"Gender Studies in Language","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":312,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Solidarity; Distribution (mathematics); Developmental psychology; Age groups; Sociolinguistics; Social psychology; Sociology; Demography; Linguistics; Mathematics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001464765,0.0001429534,0.0003269202,0.00002174931,0.000866987,0.00006750071,0.000243179,0.0001150769,0.00003053028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003091426,0.0001054876,0.00009778944,0.0001104795,0.001848008,0.00004566859,0.00006037958,0.0003330192,0.000003210605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001139519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001996831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001249319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009680657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983181,0.0002260547,0.0005265963,0.0001317642,0.0004875211,0.000310013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974669,0.00109723,0.0004398491,0.0001107038,0.0007514216,0.0001338995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005021442,0.0004370065,0.07178823,0.0003905348,0.001385913,0.0002259475,0.7173378,0.0001228899,0.00008930401,0.1184652,0.03828024,0.05097479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003000024,0.0008023668,0.0749084,0.0004362876,0.0009706779,0.0001058108,0.1273966,0.0001320862,0.00009273176,0.09520128,0.6959921,0.000961681],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9440267,0.0268715,0.0007867767,0.002607059,0.002382827,0.0003865658,0.0001291911,0.00004054993,0.02276883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98685,0.01085858,0.0008629119,0.0001504968,0.0009715685,0.000001663563,0.000001833869,0.00001186625,0.0002910513],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6577119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6809063,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02471669538982992,"score_gpt":0.3312918495570992,"score_spread":0.3065751541672693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}