{"id":"W2028337061","doi":"10.1142/s021812740100336x","title":"CODIMENSION TWO BIFURCATIONS IN A PREDATOR–PREY SYSTEM WITH GROUP DEFENSE","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation; Mathematics; Homoclinic bifurcation; Saddle-node bifurcation; Homoclinic orbit; Transcritical bifurcation; Pitchfork bifurcation; Codimension; Biological applications of bifurcation theory; Heteroclinic bifurcation; Bifurcation; Bifurcation diagram; Hopf bifurcation; Infinite-period bifurcation; Mathematical analysis; Limit cycle; Cusp (singularity); Limit (mathematics); Geometry; Physics; Nonlinear system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004974097,0.0003125232,0.0005761371,0.0005441272,0.0006613138,0.0007733621,0.0003875112,0.0009665535,0.0008484166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001144443,0.0001905272,0.0003882985,0.0002507432,0.00101125,0.0007096661,0.0009166005,0.0003972839,0.00008851866],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006434495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003738099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001355258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006743335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998349,0.00005107474,0.0000108274,0.0000305785,0.00003748808,0.00003506993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999521,0.0001725244,0.000177738,0.00002851896,0.00003457798,0.00006564426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003580373,0.0002194814,0.0319302,0.0003754824,0.0002872534,0.007786537,0.004001387,0.3929017,0.08804147,0.4495197,0.001798422,0.02278027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007803082,0.0001262546,0.006396601,0.00003340169,0.00004898744,0.001399897,0.0006370585,0.8142565,0.003232507,0.1717256,0.002013639,0.0000515383],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9411381,0.0004446704,0.05213052,0.0004486663,0.00002390387,0.00002901283,0.00003299467,0.00005986254,0.005692208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950889,0.00009913292,0.00401777,0.00003067918,0.000007482421,0.00001246075,0.000009264138,0.000003589752,0.0007307366],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001355258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004668534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0199282379984126,"score_gpt":0.2996741637459815,"score_spread":0.2797459257475689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}