{"id":"W2028934107","doi":"10.1163/157006801x00255","title":"Reflections On Religion, Modernization, and Violence in the Islamic Middle East","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Method & Theory in the Study of Religion","topic":"Islamic Studies and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Militant; Islam; Modernization theory; Middle East; Politics; Sociology; Political science; Political violence; Political economy; Criminology; Social science; History; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002471679,0.0002312007,0.0002445646,0.001036474,0.008470116,0.003936781,0.0005219519,0.001434189,0.002511371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001856408,0.000148193,0.0001593367,0.0009444589,0.028764,0.001760759,0.004566179,0.0031365,0.00009802749],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004305512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001386585,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007558218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01321627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976751,0.001783456,0.00003881948,0.00004560342,0.0001631255,0.0002938455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998387,0.001066241,0.0002950673,0.00005032878,0.00008472447,0.0001166981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005326851,0.00007004671,0.005912887,0.0001105018,0.00001422818,0.001008953,0.5131242,0.0001841052,0.0004011991,0.4657306,0.003043815,0.01034617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002612785,0.0001079923,0.0205672,0.0006817743,0.00001633242,0.0007033385,0.6986685,0.0002843756,0.0006022459,0.08169618,0.1966171,0.00002873521],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.7726724,0.02128052,0.0006602058,0.0556642,0.0006589339,0.00001465865,0.00002062066,0.000005336265,0.1490232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961603,0.001282607,0.00004464145,0.0008484201,0.0001057796,0.00000277149,0.000001799359,0.000001219133,0.001552416],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008470116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03123879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0587793687950898,"score_gpt":0.3697168288912863,"score_spread":0.3109374600961965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}