{"id":"W2029499578","doi":"10.13031/2013.23552","title":"Physical characterization of wet and dry wheat straw and switchgrass - bulk and specific density","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2007 Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 17-20, 2007","topic":"Bioenergy crop production and management","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Straw; Agronomy; Characterization (materials science); Panicum virgatum; Environmental science; Materials science; Biofuel; Bioenergy; Biotechnology; Biology; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004553178,0.0003052117,0.0003788064,0.00006574711,0.0002334716,0.00008949122,0.0001299711,0.0001722563,0.0002198388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001441597,0.0001635152,0.00006135571,0.0003373804,0.0003594678,0.0002730204,0.0001527249,0.0001623016,0.00001320239],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002511575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000589403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001937403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009608127,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981743,0.00004495945,0.0003925441,0.0006221758,0.0002794972,0.0004865691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992375,0.00007017151,0.0001875854,0.000135542,0.0001199111,0.0002493088],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001504968,0.0003103001,0.007401824,0.00005542886,0.00003860431,0.00001603696,0.0002705794,5.018179e-7,0.9132161,0.001632444,0.0161852,0.06072247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004876799,0.0002287739,0.3000194,0.00003600148,0.00004892901,0.00003514281,0.0004770448,0.00005889291,0.05732701,0.0001692848,0.6406729,0.0004389409],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946212,0.0005847512,0.00006526727,0.002686667,0.0004847363,0.0002870683,0.000100121,0.00005708582,0.001113171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869023,0.001353128,0.0002673875,0.0004602288,0.001585554,0.000006197697,0.0003506542,0.000006866424,0.009067695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8558891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6667958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0117748229085246,"score_gpt":0.2105082032050647,"score_spread":0.1987333802965401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}