{"id":"W2029761103","doi":"10.2523/iptc-11087-ms","title":"Investigation of Steam Flooding in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"All Days","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Steam injection; Petroleum engineering; Enhanced oil recovery; Water injection (oil production); Viscosity; Surface tension; Wetting; Permeability (electromagnetism); Cracking; Materials science; Geology; Environmental science; Composite material; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008861968,0.0001010109,0.0001766304,0.0004288671,0.0001752249,0.0001540412,0.0002085209,0.0002032823,0.0006870565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002250601,0.0001226038,0.0001066728,0.0002305843,0.0002155113,0.0002742373,0.0001830729,0.0001916021,0.00008049426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001933215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000127873,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001047922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009404944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999279,0.000009704463,0.000003452009,0.00001172593,0.00003260478,0.00001453955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999166,0.00002694906,0.0000157451,0.000003823655,0.00002767985,0.00000923863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001568335,0.00002896006,0.008734218,0.0002063272,0.00001051188,0.0006322342,0.0001406206,0.002338054,0.9813045,0.0001967302,0.00005337152,0.006197567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002561415,0.001486481,0.09838131,0.00005909867,0.00003499281,0.001348827,0.0007749158,0.06153192,0.8323019,0.0005438911,0.003473715,0.00003727118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972153,0.0003657799,0.001494299,0.00002025484,0.000003286132,0.00002023677,0.0000912667,0.0000286052,0.0007608943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987279,0.0001275437,0.0008216277,0.000003950304,0.00000218231,0.000006651993,0.00005258169,0.000003929586,0.000253763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001047922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002298474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01432298694767032,"score_gpt":0.2414817336672881,"score_spread":0.2271587467196178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}