{"id":"W2030017732","doi":"10.1177/1094342012448133","title":"Graphical processing units and scientific applications","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Grid; Leverage (statistics); Computer graphics (images); Ray tracing (physics); Parallel computing; Initialization; Computational science; Artificial intelligence; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001018719,0.000104051,0.0001149201,0.0003194927,0.0005617451,0.0004891471,0.001606366,0.00003522514,0.000001689083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001332138,0.00007777302,0.0000367138,0.0009484629,0.0001739384,0.000676191,0.0003887775,0.0002209304,0.00000399778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003292166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001019428,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003574167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.822024e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987298,0.00003428475,0.0004180286,0.0001522265,0.0004817163,0.0001838928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980245,0.000114145,0.0004102953,0.0002822781,0.001072478,0.00009636145],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003458397,0.0001244151,0.005256985,0.00001499941,0.00003419378,2.922596e-7,0.0007337665,0.00009978077,0.0003099821,0.7423996,0.0003864352,0.2506361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001108233,0.0002011888,0.09018201,0.0003418025,0.00008558723,0.001682582,0.0002193048,0.5166726,0.008952158,0.05071296,0.3290042,0.0008374262],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1229985,0.0007117674,0.8747756,0.0009487288,0.0002644165,0.0001665809,0.000001489288,0.00007328491,0.00005960441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784595,0.0001164566,0.02066952,0.0001889559,0.0005117732,0.0000246208,0.000004101685,0.000007400643,0.00001764021],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8554611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4716857,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02274150673088886,"score_gpt":0.3030656903793919,"score_spread":0.280324183648503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}