{"id":"W2030220205","doi":"10.1007/s10641-008-9366-2","title":"What do the empty stomachs of northern pike (Esox lucius) reveal? Insights from carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Université du Québec à Montréal","keywords":"Pike; Esox; Trophic level; Invertebrate; Biology; Predation; Ecology; Isotope analysis; Benthic zone; δ15N; δ13C; Isotopes of nitrogen; Fishery; Predatory fish; Stable isotope ratio; Fish <Actinopterygii>","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002188365,0.0001803223,0.000387945,0.0004152071,0.0003314656,0.0006875198,0.000207785,0.0005202187,0.0008519194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004851156,0.0004800743,0.0001801231,0.0002850879,0.0007615181,0.0009620091,0.0003654205,0.0003123382,0.0003373551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002405268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002538563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006179472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02064016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999299,0.000008221805,0.000004886007,0.00002244183,0.00001342916,0.00002104704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996805,0.00004305456,0.0001083009,0.0000238291,0.00005453964,0.00008976207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008018452,0.00009908617,0.70625,0.0001530537,0.0001259618,0.0002270405,0.001030705,0.0002198056,0.2715304,0.0002134441,0.0003115799,0.01903728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002595973,0.00006871919,0.9963271,0.000003905847,0.00001310842,0.0001237664,0.0004485789,0.0001791802,0.002549016,0.00006934117,0.0002067264,0.000007804654],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991933,0.0001898263,0.00009547669,0.00002993548,0.000003392149,0.000001015549,0.00008118223,0.000003051224,0.0004029322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982499,0.0003249082,0.0002941485,0.00007461209,0.0000100426,0.000003147842,0.0002857606,0.000009300048,0.0007481984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006179472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01228702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006905921126949464,"score_gpt":0.1883941210407572,"score_spread":0.1814881999138077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}