{"id":"W2030990032","doi":"10.5547/issn0195-6574-ej-vol29-nosi2-4","title":"Some Applied Economics of Utility Regulation A Paper in Honor of David Newbery","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Energy Journal","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competition (biology); Limiting; Economics; Honor; Work (physics); Public economics; Human settlement; Law and economics; Industrial organization; Neoclassical economics; Engineering; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004668746,0.00006828642,0.0003013297,0.0001950688,0.00006405562,0.000007461107,0.0001711301,0.00004217699,0.0008964223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001390675,0.00006132037,0.0001387923,0.0001569948,0.00007021645,0.0001309575,0.00002416894,0.00009367681,0.00001039331],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003294579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002771212,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001489405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004932534,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990203,0.00002354826,0.0007147383,0.0001071995,0.000026471,0.0001077375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991974,0.00002602809,0.0004994692,0.0002203018,0.00002080128,0.00003600019],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008579974,0.0001488192,0.02620742,0.000007447604,0.00009263665,9.813605e-7,0.0006296079,0.01088423,0.0002938028,0.9589334,0.0004907264,0.002225107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001226998,0.00004206258,0.4352948,0.00001490717,0.00001873322,0.00004409118,0.0001653,0.008020513,0.001958157,0.5352691,0.01770539,0.0002398382],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721088,0.001060575,0.002356374,0.0005251204,0.0002060873,0.00002843657,0.00001427706,0.000004214068,0.02369605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973862,0.001703533,0.0001407864,0.0001417078,0.0001227915,0.000002278781,0.000003886258,0.000006579329,0.000492217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4236643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9815196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0264419209693091,"score_gpt":0.1897545808529191,"score_spread":0.16331265988361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}