{"id":"W2031908493","doi":"10.1007/s00382-013-1891-9","title":"Tropical pacific forcing of a 1998–1999 climate shift: observational analysis and climate model results for the boreal spring season","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate Dynamics","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Prairie Oat Growers Association; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Climatology; Empirical orthogonal functions; Pacific decadal oscillation; Precipitation; Environmental science; Context (archaeology); Atmospheric circulation; Climate model; Forcing (mathematics); Walker circulation; Sea surface temperature; Atlantic multidecadal oscillation; Climate change; Teleconnection; Regime shift; Abrupt climate change; Global warming; Geography; Geology; Oceanography; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Effects of global warming; Meteorology; Ecosystem","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008499824,0.0002633936,0.0004231328,0.00007452647,0.0004648473,0.0001170479,0.0003251485,0.0001505323,0.00002929312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009786003,0.0002037041,0.0002555033,0.0004249649,0.0003258072,0.0004364244,0.0005093047,0.0001743975,0.00001844622],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002040078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001295043,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007192582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00278874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975429,0.00005458392,0.000720762,0.0005898309,0.0003449054,0.0007470031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983357,0.0006157924,0.0002995598,0.0005766077,0.00003018219,0.000142161],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000268935,0.0001361602,0.7728832,0.0001892807,0.0001222835,7.334338e-7,0.000685723,0.2067437,0.0004199708,0.01730213,0.0000357908,0.001212057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003838275,0.0000345195,0.3755032,0.00001541949,0.0002184471,7.343045e-7,0.0001498028,0.6219459,0.00001026252,0.001575658,0.00001956164,0.0001426212],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666408,0.00002439097,0.02882386,0.0008867797,0.00006322241,0.0007420553,0.001513538,0.0000580087,0.001247366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858377,0.000670195,0.01288733,0.00009489454,0.00002328685,0.0001325384,0.0003117235,0.00002797271,0.00001434336],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4152022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8306811,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02520657613175658,"score_gpt":0.2488240945591884,"score_spread":0.2236175184274318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}