{"id":"W2032402789","doi":"10.5539/jas.v5n1p1","title":"Comparing Corn Stover and Switchgrass Biochar: Characterization and Sorption Properties","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Agricultural Science","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Corn stover; Pyrolysis; Bioenergy; Stover; Sorption; Chemistry; Biofuel; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Waste management; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Crop","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001738146,0.0002638195,0.0002854047,0.0003308844,0.0001442072,0.0003492882,0.0001495874,0.0002395016,0.0004828454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002527801,0.00009210476,0.0002109629,0.000302349,0.0001412853,0.0002211002,0.0001333344,0.0001623144,0.00009692297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000173253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002042374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003421416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00638104,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998234,0.00001790781,0.00001542248,0.00003772334,0.00007049692,0.0000351524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998698,0.00003076626,0.00001902717,0.000008087802,0.00005077856,0.0000215093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006481586,0.00001101901,0.001156229,0.00002013808,0.000009080875,0.00001678842,0.00000781068,0.0001195694,0.9973474,0.00001150981,0.00000613269,0.001229665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009196323,0.0004924536,0.03012167,0.000002607171,0.00002848838,0.0001412202,0.00009335769,0.00120617,0.967065,0.00003697081,0.0007932313,0.000009554531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983069,0.0003030193,0.0008973055,0.00001040914,0.000004244934,0.00001082836,0.0002028964,0.00000527721,0.0002591194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965951,0.0003044417,0.001690863,0.00002182866,0.000002803404,0.000008676086,0.0006249886,0.00000771155,0.0007435976],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003421416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006803036,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01472860954606385,"score_gpt":0.189921485026915,"score_spread":0.1751928754808511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}