{"id":"W2032475559","doi":"10.1007/s003960000379","title":"An absolute droplet pressure interfacial tensiometer and its application to bituminous systems of vanishing density contrast","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloid & Polymer Science","topic":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Energy; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Surface tension; Tensiometer (surface tension); Capillary action; Maximum bubble pressure method; Bubble; Chemistry; Displacement (psychology); Wetting; Mechanics; Capillary number; Capillary pressure; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003648543,0.0001796625,0.0003228864,0.00009995488,0.0002983449,0.0002207812,0.0005603841,0.00009062489,0.00008887408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003179432,0.0001687945,0.00003654132,0.0006023242,0.0001867383,0.0004386871,0.00008567754,0.0001015211,0.00002287163],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004589933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001185588,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001155622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006112471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980752,0.000023675,0.000367332,0.0006081506,0.0005363454,0.0003893125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988714,0.00003669758,0.0001331054,0.0004603265,0.0001871869,0.0003112475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005541426,0.00005092309,0.002111345,0.00004942634,0.00001314121,0.00000209067,0.0005360677,0.00003762112,0.9901057,0.00009744117,0.00001500041,0.006925794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003436016,0.00009254729,0.005488702,0.00009891663,0.00003782061,0.00005206829,0.0003475503,0.01139022,0.9805864,0.000003882688,0.001242921,0.0003153827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959505,0.001442293,0.0001159184,0.00002594677,0.0001984527,0.000275116,0.00006020151,0.00006168454,0.001869915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983687,0.00000737885,0.00001741695,0.00006067874,0.0001013732,0.00003453308,0.000001969405,0.00001526532,0.001392725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0113526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.688324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00780324773767324,"score_gpt":0.2340812043715434,"score_spread":0.2262779566338702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}