{"id":"W2033227712","doi":"10.1100/tsw.2002.179","title":"Individual-Based Modelling Potentials and Limitations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Scientific World JOURNAL","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement; University of Calgary","keywords":"IBM; Computer science; Perspective (graphical); Management science; Population; Data science; Focus (optics); Quality (philosophy); Risk analysis (engineering); Ecology; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00252327,0.0002621634,0.0004971845,0.0002676584,0.001816566,0.001298945,0.0009319467,0.00007408129,0.0007612722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004065285,0.000148748,0.0002912834,0.001029365,0.0005799655,0.0001679953,0.0002328804,0.0006088835,0.0005014103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001184439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006169434,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007858782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001421981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997493,0.0003106515,0.0006206855,0.0004252862,0.0007485992,0.0004017971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984865,0.000327337,0.0005521596,0.0004366031,0.0000192617,0.0001781794],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[6.415127e-7,0.00005204075,0.000007169951,0.0003849066,0.00004562383,0.00001830627,0.0002122369,0.02989654,0.000001394357,0.0001308236,0.006540569,0.9627097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006462156,0.000008027106,0.00000458322,0.001781231,0.0003110889,0.0001757027,0.00001969503,0.0355093,2.106371e-7,0.0004630336,0.9614468,0.0002157062],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004450048,0.9907178,0.002227497,0.0001846407,0.001213367,0.0003871782,0.0000271447,0.00001620895,0.005181654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009501385,0.9827021,0.001244229,0.0000312574,0.0001101255,0.00001354158,0.0000112916,0.00002702773,0.01491023],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.962494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997378,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08813106612208155,"score_gpt":0.2749342177394352,"score_spread":0.1868031516173536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}