{"id":"W2033739507","doi":"10.1017/s002211201000248x","title":"Breaking of shoaling internal solitary waves","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Breaking wave; Physics; Isopycnal; Mechanics; Internal wave; Instability; Boundary layer; Shoaling and schooling; Amplitude; Geology; Reflection (computer programming); Wavelength; Geophysics; Wave propagation; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005426267,0.00009401029,0.0002180117,0.00004686265,0.00005365005,0.00002335528,0.0003166065,0.00006704278,0.0006505467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001113203,0.00006874467,0.0001296815,0.0001708759,0.00003078794,0.0002916314,0.00001239563,0.0003229493,0.000004417305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000132677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009430536,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007922028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001027375,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989948,0.00001973168,0.0004297156,0.00007934488,0.0003070455,0.0001694145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992127,0.00009196266,0.0003290131,0.00009288059,0.0001618584,0.0001115502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008038098,0.0003217857,0.3163901,0.0005218342,0.0006606386,0.0004660464,0.002651989,0.005958125,0.2008574,0.009210713,0.002369568,0.459788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004325383,0.004820795,0.1129447,0.001670227,0.000704033,0.007265601,0.007334241,0.5226337,0.1795796,0.132826,0.0240116,0.001884116],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9870438,0.001142232,0.009317033,0.00009841788,0.001471839,0.00002628767,0.000008366484,0.000008115032,0.0008839031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883801,0.0002756663,0.01089662,0.00009942055,0.000322931,2.191657e-8,0.000001384028,0.00000336625,0.00002046033],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5166756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.712303,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006471104115374042,"score_gpt":0.2020147703288294,"score_spread":0.1955436662134553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}