{"id":"W2035437579","doi":"10.1614/ws-06-144","title":"Population Dynamics of Broadleaf Weeds in Turfgrass as Influenced by Chemical and Biological Control Methods","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Weed Science","topic":"Turfgrass Adaptation and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Hashemite University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Jordan","keywords":"Dandelion; Weed; Biology; Agronomy; Population; Weed control; Taraxacum officinale; Demography; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001795142,0.00008827534,0.0001369077,0.00008348214,0.00006099103,0.0000226939,0.0002473784,0.00005603654,0.00008249408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002499701,0.00007316469,0.00001899686,0.0006899654,0.0006881078,0.0002178498,0.0001338813,0.00008570163,0.00000937519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001817192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007141086,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00369511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002450984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988043,0.00004497194,0.0002598237,0.0003133564,0.0003130017,0.000264508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995621,0.00009599968,0.00009348602,0.0001292218,0.00001022828,0.0001089232],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002469097,0.00004407294,0.07247903,0.000002042837,0.000001223252,0.000001077247,0.0001070442,0.0002336803,0.8829482,0.003545226,0.00002142598,0.04059232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004560954,0.0000560249,0.9746026,0.000004946017,0.000003204038,0.000002306207,0.0002296177,0.01355857,0.008708652,0.001912331,0.0003462751,0.0001193512],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771072,0.00001339341,0.01915116,0.0002231588,0.00005125028,0.0002153565,0.000002134872,0.00001860995,0.003217769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875239,0.000001641449,0.01212167,0.000272196,0.000003328717,0.00000605514,0.000003672776,0.000002834893,0.00006474544],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9021236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5585926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007452538275663194,"score_gpt":0.2994915420401465,"score_spread":0.2920390037644833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}