{"id":"W2035637119","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.03.008","title":"Effect of electrostatic charges on single bubble in gas–solid fluidized beds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Bubble; Fluidization; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Fluidized bed; Physics; Jet (fluid); Two-fluid model; Momentum (technical analysis); Classical mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000372973,0.0001982175,0.0005055903,0.0003397893,0.0004361028,0.000717907,0.0004055745,0.0005186279,0.002175101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00160705,0.0002067102,0.0002412981,0.0001778436,0.0007264686,0.0006818144,0.0004910764,0.0005787216,0.0001482374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004799242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003349127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001090038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007269123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997373,0.00004652669,0.00001016914,0.00003823912,0.00008020605,0.00008750869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998717,0.0006777609,0.000108976,0.00003946769,0.0002247486,0.0002321043],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00339775,0.0003149508,0.001535501,0.000257857,0.00006085545,0.0008232862,0.0001347842,0.01509216,0.9665372,0.001639603,0.0005477617,0.009658294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002982265,0.001655035,0.006581105,0.0000190553,0.00008192329,0.0001584126,0.0002450323,0.1187477,0.8708482,0.0005957015,0.0006919464,0.00007768341],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998618,0.0002403131,0.0005576372,0.00006783445,0.00004850018,0.000005491026,0.0000140552,0.00001688559,0.0004314119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996303,0.00007076342,0.0001104195,0.00001643231,0.00001143409,0.000001297888,0.000007912263,0.000004098565,0.000147233],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002175101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007276416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006837552531999519,"score_gpt":0.2655859289614244,"score_spread":0.2587483764294249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}