{"id":"W2036083639","doi":"10.5194/npg-14-465-2007","title":"Scaling and multifractal fields in the solid earth and topography","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nonlinear processes in geophysics","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Multifractal system; Scaling; Statistical physics; Scale invariance; Tsallis statistics; Physics; Fractal; Universality (dynamical systems); Geology; Geophysics; Mathematics; Geometry; Statistics; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004741932,0.0001009535,0.0002521862,0.0001572817,0.00006511794,0.00007548281,0.0001076505,0.00006072678,0.00001345551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007862563,0.00009092623,0.00003479672,0.0006190367,0.00005429585,0.0001502138,0.00004675234,0.0001625411,0.000007335998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005464835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008918571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008929906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001876806,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99916,0.000006977184,0.0003595182,0.0002374194,0.00003558824,0.0002005227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995481,0.0001460394,0.000109813,0.0001431515,0.00002506653,0.00002780899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001237281,0.00085496,0.722939,0.001249014,0.0001451009,0.00008489002,0.02682789,0.0004538426,0.00004776828,0.06760288,0.00003893843,0.179632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00354919,0.0004436882,0.6866394,0.0003523645,0.00004325492,0.00005325518,0.01176891,0.1065036,0.0005249543,0.1143159,0.07398236,0.001823077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942614,0.00233115,0.0006602019,0.0001606068,0.00004607573,0.0001082404,0.00001615578,0.00000794673,0.002408209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984674,0.0003395092,0.0008461088,0.0001427166,0.0001361991,0.000005194665,0.000006164444,0.00000834844,0.00004830401],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1778089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3707864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01726090947993434,"score_gpt":0.2391766229161936,"score_spread":0.2219157134362593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}