{"id":"W2036104406","doi":"10.5402/2012/421789","title":"Price Elasticities of Charitable Giving across Donation Sectors in Canada: Is the Tax Incentive Effective?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISRN Economics","topic":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Donation; Incentive; Public economics; Economics; Tax credit; Tax deduction; Business; Labour economics; Actuarial science; Microeconomics; Tax reform; State income tax; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007217396,0.00006831942,0.000134538,0.00002524491,0.0001862348,0.00002207635,0.0001475904,0.00003802693,0.00004558471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001545946,0.00006169861,0.00002658297,0.0001101684,0.00009958982,0.0003953137,0.00004522063,0.000096417,0.000003524313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00144533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003454561,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9148195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9836593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992453,0.00006750963,0.0001633506,0.0000957064,0.00006941216,0.0003587542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992981,0.0004292229,0.0001124728,0.00007720318,0.00004136606,0.00004166356],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006554703,0.00001081257,0.9291928,0.00002612849,0.00002321192,1.200376e-7,0.06206843,0.000173983,0.0001065923,0.0066379,0.00007349368,0.001679934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002332751,0.00001540195,0.9158778,0.00004992581,0.000007413987,4.044859e-7,0.06536949,0.0005555419,0.005372529,0.0007955607,0.01152409,0.0001985294],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969643,0.0002029882,0.0000611155,0.0001427177,0.0007371024,0.0002050255,0.0000392788,0.00000632886,0.001641125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993968,0.00009382921,0.00002266546,0.0000983989,0.0001799555,0.00001762859,7.372335e-7,0.00000718108,0.0001827865],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06883983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3779489,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01358007169461707,"score_gpt":0.2569917293625902,"score_spread":0.2434116576679732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}