{"id":"W2036442960","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.02.010","title":"The measurement of Pb isotope ratios in sub-ng quantities by fast scanning single collector sector field-ICP-MS","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology; Directorate for Biological Sciences; Cummings Foundation","keywords":"Analytical Chemistry (journal); Isotope; Matrix (chemical analysis); Fractionation; Chemistry; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Standard addition; Standard solution; Mineralogy; Mass spectrometry; Detection limit; Chromatography; Physics; Nuclear physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002952901,0.0001128171,0.0001834635,0.00002215838,0.00007919699,0.00002056881,0.000199187,0.0001125441,0.0008380679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001390251,0.00008121657,0.00004218977,0.000115908,0.0001395104,0.00008110641,0.00002425942,0.000149201,0.00003439316],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000129747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000356732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008728941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007470522,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989461,0.00004457259,0.0002529097,0.0001494185,0.0001848982,0.0004221265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994661,0.0001981812,0.00006390913,0.0001419641,0.00004945011,0.00008035485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007283998,0.00004159526,0.4571247,0.00003253686,0.00001705145,0.000001082651,0.0004828997,0.00001522475,0.5336488,0.000006879457,0.007539037,0.001017333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002756525,0.00007921435,0.01627031,0.00001737963,0.000006620844,0.000008892238,0.0003013364,0.0001696732,0.9731759,0.0000726198,0.009478976,0.0001434579],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906162,0.001610426,0.00004986654,0.0002930604,0.0002531528,0.0001083358,0.000009993507,0.00001286403,0.007046103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993779,0.0000253076,0.00007321508,0.0001261403,0.0001107908,0.00000459738,0.00003775201,0.000002752917,0.0002415558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4408544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9176255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02022479550913173,"score_gpt":0.199354392664035,"score_spread":0.1791295971549033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}