{"id":"W2036658121","doi":"10.1117/12.422136","title":"<title>Frozen-wave sources for multicycle terahertz generation</title>","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Terahertz radiation; Bandwidth (computing); Chirp; Optoelectronics; Optics; Excitation; Radiation; Physics; Generator (circuit theory); Photoconductivity; Electricity generation; Materials science; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Computer science; Engineering; Telecommunications; Laser","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001316678,0.0002363971,0.0001752778,0.0002927249,0.0002026893,0.0003834946,0.0005236347,0.000328745,0.006039894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002049477,0.0001004318,0.00009509209,0.0002582998,0.0002640092,0.0005852531,0.0003522267,0.0003657572,0.001754296],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002307292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000132347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000227811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004776237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999374,0.000004090057,0.000002976962,0.00001509875,0.0000253692,0.00001505527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998975,0.00001864113,0.0000218656,0.00002167566,0.00002215171,0.00001821514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001683767,0.00006252234,0.0005193251,0.0001853221,0.000008802137,0.0003062807,0.00009395386,0.0008387064,0.8902656,0.009005613,0.004120953,0.09442447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001242025,0.0001607641,0.0006877444,0.000008659658,0.000004237064,0.0002822482,0.00001412596,0.003826991,0.9674946,0.000581814,0.02691516,0.00001116901],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8056711,0.005155092,0.1395964,0.001248355,0.001201586,0.0002976317,0.001108974,0.0022665,0.04345425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8841574,0.002052018,0.06644366,0.0001886112,0.0001704263,0.00007670374,0.0009165237,0.0004270493,0.04556762],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006039894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02020544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01670328951602363,"score_gpt":0.2503553900132652,"score_spread":0.2336521004972416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}