{"id":"W2036714268","doi":"10.1118/1.1405842","title":"Parallel cascades: New ways to describe noise transfer in medical imaging systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","field":"Medicine","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"London Health Sciences Centre; Western University; Robarts Clinical Trials","funders":"","keywords":"Noise (video); Spectral density; Cascade; Computer science; Generalization; Covariance; Expression (computer science); Statistical physics; Optics; Physics; Algorithm; Image (mathematics); Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Chemistry; Telecommunications; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004364735,0.0002722045,0.0005472369,0.0001681589,0.00004773166,0.00005416867,0.0003020311,0.0001432282,0.0002701579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002781147,0.0002238586,0.0002058,0.0009558526,0.0001656639,0.0002464549,0.00005389295,0.000638334,0.0001365071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008608289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004691649,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006457535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003482753,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965736,0.00003094213,0.0005100959,0.0004349402,0.001762507,0.0006878935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976169,0.0001283647,0.00002186747,0.0003134226,0.00005503318,0.001864384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000469701,0.001311408,0.06874029,0.0002749087,0.0001256105,0.007474037,0.00148298,0.00006221133,0.0001633794,0.005448013,0.02689854,0.8875489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.08017686,0.002372349,0.1494055,0.03869207,0.001431286,0.03421494,0.003869692,0.1025112,0.002734147,0.02848865,0.5482248,0.007878509],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1603557,0.001889445,0.773284,0.02864371,0.0009438413,0.0009639625,0.00001161899,0.000371351,0.03353642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921005,0.000142787,0.0001765677,0.005876489,0.00138453,0.00003015881,0.00002660624,0.00004479603,0.0002175602],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8796704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.912869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02269945690133769,"score_gpt":0.2708465112599336,"score_spread":0.248147054358596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}