{"id":"W2037228432","doi":"10.1136/bmj.39569.510521.ad","title":"Complex interventions or complex systems? Implications for health economic evaluation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":638,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Medical Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale","keywords":"Psychological intervention; Complex system; Management science; Psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Nursing; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01875238,0.0002305957,0.001155094,0.0003934711,0.0008186432,0.00009213702,0.0003758668,0.0001171039,0.001317922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002070535,0.0002829857,0.0003364134,0.0001558406,0.0001008916,0.0004105222,0.00005473757,0.000103801,0.002362986],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001957706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008232975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007375439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.992071,0.0004976745,0.006133438,0.0006840919,0.00008806556,0.000525704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940401,0.0009487107,0.003727552,0.0008482741,0.0001701861,0.000265131],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002229462,0.0001253149,0.008300753,0.0005162137,0.0001069386,1.268937e-7,0.0006478697,0.001986396,0.000002206694,0.1425849,0.8454642,0.0002427709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002763739,0.0003267197,0.4008058,0.0001893782,0.0000245464,0.000100795,0.0007147964,0.09020511,5.174152e-7,0.009876009,0.4943663,0.0006263663],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04987042,0.004949684,0.190431,0.7005927,0.004015077,0.02258462,0.01210769,0.0005060053,0.01494284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9543298,0.0002423986,0.01849429,0.01453758,0.001695388,0.005508698,0.001810575,0.000103045,0.003278177],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9044594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.8322951385974974,"score_gpt":0.5853912499289126,"score_spread":0.2469038886685848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}