{"id":"W2037444865","doi":"10.1021/es020587c","title":"Characterizing Geochemical Reactions in Unsaturated Mine Waste-Rock Piles Using Gaseous O<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, <sup>12</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>, and <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Radioactive waste; Sulfide; Organic matter; Uranium; Environmental chemistry; Pore water pressure; Geology; Carbonate; Sulfide minerals; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Metallurgy; Pyrite; Nuclear chemistry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001447391,0.001651604,0.00141518,0.002057286,0.001818553,0.0003356069,0.002015386,0.001538669,0.0003689613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004294049,0.001716126,0.0003645046,0.003414118,0.005873179,0.002370137,0.001598799,0.002275613,0.001184443],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002679623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001067367,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001025705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001111497,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9887633,0.0003387122,0.002087309,0.003496654,0.00212245,0.003191541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958378,0.0002824265,0.001030754,0.00183617,0.00004128938,0.0009715467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006787843,0.0008604372,0.008712924,0.00004591138,0.00004221491,0.0002956543,0.0009377759,0.001750542,0.968177,0.00002441192,0.0008928408,0.01819236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001391355,0.0005180012,0.004058836,0.0001910008,0.00009765397,0.0009765935,0.001811272,0.02398038,0.9633951,0.0003184912,0.001483421,0.001777968],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942381,0.0004152741,0.0004138691,0.001072471,0.000180009,0.001850479,0.0002163237,0.0009270096,0.0006864173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944165,0.003274365,0.0006242689,0.000553734,0.0002650718,0.0003236657,0.0002888243,0.0002025218,0.00005107644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02222983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01036295535314921,"score_gpt":0.218180645080074,"score_spread":0.2078176897269248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}