{"id":"W2038340327","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1324220111","title":"Volcano-induced regime shifts in millennial tree-ring chronologies from northeastern North America","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Hydro-Québec; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; ArcticNet","keywords":"Volcano; Dendrochronology; Climatology; Geology; Little ice age; Arctic; Northern Hemisphere; Ice core; Dendroclimatology; Physical geography; Climate change; Geography; Oceanography; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003530759,0.0001261572,0.0001287656,0.001059682,0.000307332,0.0003619184,0.0001892489,0.0001091934,0.0006244899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006435709,0.00009508122,0.0001665281,0.0008378429,0.0001631467,0.0002319048,0.0003185655,0.0001532196,0.00008498446],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000418947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003004817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05033646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.125785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999223,0.00001239037,0.000007112692,0.00003370776,0.00001027936,0.00001426533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995778,0.00006738153,0.0001394963,0.00004847869,0.0001081131,0.00005872729],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006577,0.00001952824,0.9693888,0.00004457739,0.0001276961,0.00008916257,0.0009122575,0.00111365,0.0155718,0.000110817,0.0006367505,0.01191915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001377786,0.000003672072,0.9983103,0.000004395766,0.00001543297,0.00002664788,0.00006942674,0.000816647,0.0002472246,0.00001528187,0.0004872077,0.000002400508],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976519,0.0002065836,0.0002569715,0.00001773455,0.000005686158,0.000003281344,0.001388058,0.00001773678,0.0004519956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972428,0.0001148548,0.0005128357,0.00001126537,0.000005396757,0.000008867514,0.001993777,0.00000709132,0.0001032405],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9496635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1000869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03645613619598611,"score_gpt":0.258747078463389,"score_spread":0.2222909422674029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}