{"id":"W2038410210","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2013.02.012","title":"The dominant mechanism of enhanced heavy oil recovery by chemical flooding in a two-dimensional physical model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Petroleum Technology Research Centre","keywords":"Slug; Enhanced oil recovery; Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Petroleum; Polymer; Drop (telecommunication); Oil in place; Environmental science; Geology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001269658,0.0001687297,0.0002462512,0.00004368105,0.00002511949,0.00001971856,0.0001971521,0.00007055997,0.00001555146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004884948,0.0001348053,0.00008588833,0.000122179,0.00003895043,0.0001827983,0.00006537029,0.0002405663,0.00002938443],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002009278,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004404122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001158509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990155,0.00001802222,0.0002678719,0.0001888821,0.0001982881,0.0003114499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994443,0.0001783871,0.00004198364,0.0002435991,0.000040272,0.00005143124],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001821819,0.00004046964,4.652119e-7,0.00004100273,0.00001198153,4.835409e-7,0.00009744234,0.01121184,0.9793797,0.000715474,0.001343776,0.007139143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001940669,0.00001606759,0.000001210636,0.00006216396,0.000003194815,9.6881e-7,0.000008057239,0.2807616,0.6952155,0.02360618,0.00001666778,0.0001143589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.985274,0.0002079766,0.009767674,0.00004420986,0.0001309819,0.0001144453,0.00001309095,0.000148772,0.004298811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926474,0.0001102889,0.006658222,0.00002988755,0.00004165827,0.0002321827,0.000005557523,0.00003771541,0.0002370742],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2841642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5497202,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005363416507148994,"score_gpt":0.2206502790099107,"score_spread":0.2152868625027617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}