{"id":"W2038597493","doi":"10.1109/cns.2014.6997519","title":"Application-layer DDoS in dynamic Web-domains: Building defenses against next-generation attack behavior","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Denial-of-service attack; Application layer DDoS attack; Computer science; Trinoo; Layer (electronics); Computer network; Computer security; World Wide Web; The Internet; Materials science; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002323468,0.0007293716,0.001241706,0.001950421,0.0009349822,0.002183746,0.001389056,0.00166606,0.001262829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006061853,0.0003627707,0.0007113096,0.0005684185,0.001251225,0.004047191,0.003014213,0.001781347,0.0007172207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006885877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001038517,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004029824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004333255,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987788,0.0002965012,0.00009034285,0.0002288727,0.0003642453,0.0002412212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946122,0.001482595,0.0008480292,0.001709649,0.0008956119,0.0004519619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007182074,0.001022501,0.02486635,0.0006819567,0.0003753591,0.0007541309,0.000939711,0.2469655,0.1188611,0.1038624,0.006787139,0.4941657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002723122,0.0002351499,0.001919086,0.00005589594,0.0000748138,0.0004792005,0.0002758838,0.9220503,0.03005458,0.03564393,0.009151164,0.00003282968],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1025508,0.001249487,0.8866485,0.0008676886,0.0001289119,0.0002596186,0.00007981802,0.001780061,0.006435198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.835331,0.000657325,0.1607347,0.0003267104,0.000109854,0.0001054128,0.0001527456,0.0001213745,0.002460877],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002323468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0122878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03082686220731528,"score_gpt":0.2743471851817907,"score_spread":0.2435203229744754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}