{"id":"W2039649821","doi":"10.2118/140561-ms","title":"First Downhole Application of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Hydraulic Fracturing Monitoring and Diagnostics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference","topic":"Drilling and Well Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Shell (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic fracturing; Distributed acoustic sensing; Tight gas; Well stimulation; Completion (oil and gas wells); Drilling; Petroleum engineering; Oil shale; Geology; Directional drilling; Engineering; Computer science; Optical fiber; Fiber optic sensor; Telecommunications; Mechanical engineering; Reservoir engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001370418,0.0003701109,0.0004438367,0.000345644,0.000148233,0.00003332655,0.0003296623,0.0004017368,0.000006137037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002499789,0.0004112381,0.00005725504,0.0002973645,0.0001595658,0.0001602188,0.0001159535,0.0004687786,0.0000088153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008279209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001889092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007538639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001701393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984318,0.000007358689,0.0004608587,0.000420791,0.0001409936,0.000538202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988662,0.0002398179,0.0001379988,0.0005436655,0.0001038274,0.0001084886],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005916509,0.0001287307,0.00925315,0.002034365,0.00037795,0.00004892837,0.001699343,0.8259225,0.04332826,0.001462801,0.000114843,0.1155699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005841788,0.00008699231,0.006326054,0.000530216,0.0001189134,0.00004015353,0.000166361,0.5949222,0.3876001,0.005623751,0.003330047,0.0006710069],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2701,0.0006771642,0.7271017,0.00009937689,0.0003178544,0.0003483084,0.00002187938,0.001051409,0.0002822273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796949,0.0005658708,0.01945545,0.000008630461,0.0001225754,0.00005366224,0.0000177848,0.000075784,0.000005344876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7095949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998339,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0125920850459319,"score_gpt":0.2149674169263372,"score_spread":0.2023753318804053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}