{"id":"W2040130228","doi":"10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.08.004","title":"A fundamental theory of exchange rates and direct currency trades","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Monetary Economics","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Purchasing power parity; Exchange rate; Monetary economics; Currency; Arbitrage; International Fisher effect; Interest rate parity; Law of one price; Nominal interest rate; Fiat money; Purchasing power; Relative price; Price level; Macroeconomics; Monetary policy; Financial economics; Mid price; Real interest rate","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001709688,0.0006693958,0.0008371191,0.001515632,0.001135772,0.003637274,0.001531285,0.002913038,0.01059244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007209702,0.0004675263,0.0009578532,0.001990779,0.003345111,0.008854792,0.001369417,0.002977826,0.001958258],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000909214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001158508,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009528968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006204114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994148,0.0002002841,0.00004033928,0.000115436,0.0001722616,0.00005680835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975744,0.001494164,0.0001978415,0.0003088121,0.000336936,0.00008785478],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002833167,0.000004207732,0.00005196909,0.0000115858,0.000002195137,0.0000118267,0.00002769064,0.000913877,0.00003435999,0.9950808,0.001239649,0.002618993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003979972,0.000002270312,0.00004391935,0.0000107571,0.000001745629,0.00002904437,0.000008720843,0.001877424,0.00001535917,0.9937662,0.004237998,0.000002704798],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0428807,0.02417051,0.6557988,0.04317994,0.003524479,0.00008821378,0.001297386,0.0002555283,0.2288045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8065386,0.02586465,0.093157,0.004076681,0.01122703,0.0002748251,0.0009080024,0.0001586212,0.05779446],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01059244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0354352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03902778718658349,"score_gpt":0.2086371755492378,"score_spread":0.1696093883626543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}