{"id":"W2040167308","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.08.015","title":"Application of the Brewster angle to quantify the dielectric properties of ground ice formations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","topic":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Association of Canadian Universities for Northern Studies","keywords":"Ground-penetrating radar; Permittivity; Brewster's angle; Dielectric; Geology; Permafrost; Radar; Dielectric permittivity; Materials science; Optics; Brewster; Optoelectronics; Physics; Computer science; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004893107,0.0004397853,0.0002467226,0.002021557,0.0002038069,0.0006865531,0.0001900835,0.0002952522,0.0005920824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009601246,0.0001582397,0.0002431554,0.001055009,0.0003082164,0.0005862064,0.0005001895,0.0003410091,0.0002256264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001519917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002304924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001303457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001666226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997908,0.00005852866,0.00001599044,0.00004774183,0.00005959476,0.00002736771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993438,0.0002462518,0.0001196749,0.0001016951,0.0001438644,0.00004459255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006216934,0.0003286018,0.1639425,0.0002074043,0.0002614144,0.000303244,0.000619693,0.04790411,0.5308516,0.003815117,0.0008767003,0.250268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007549791,0.0005147968,0.2679223,0.00006051646,0.0001943858,0.0008123094,0.001022688,0.4638588,0.2573921,0.003089525,0.004867618,0.0001895383],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8292521,0.000584262,0.1632062,0.00008171667,0.00005311688,0.00004869201,0.0004857893,0.0005022436,0.005785889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9679629,0.0003120899,0.031179,0.00002006154,0.00001650389,0.00001534731,0.0001331656,0.00002978424,0.0003311779],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002021557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00259167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01336882800047384,"score_gpt":0.216087322197839,"score_spread":0.2027184941973651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}