{"id":"W2040678500","doi":"10.1614/0043-1745(2003)051[0060:psporp]2.0.co;2","title":"Predispersal seed predation of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus)","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Weed Science","topic":"Biological Control of Invasive Species","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Inflorescence; Weed; Predation; Seed predation; Agronomy; Canopy; Predator; Population; Shading; Horticulture; Botany; Seed dispersal; Ecology; Biological dispersal","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003171282,0.0004041618,0.0003419025,0.0003810804,0.0003077448,0.0002647048,0.0003001824,0.0002677421,0.00105022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003187885,0.000256929,0.0001777556,0.0001035085,0.0002596789,0.0002681178,0.0002509156,0.0003187958,0.0001597987],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006238038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001470377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003852067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01340982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998804,0.00002255655,0.000007475452,0.00004094947,0.00002163601,0.00002686433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994656,0.0001443544,0.0001732619,0.00003900563,0.00004318873,0.0001346329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002581577,0.00125909,0.09035607,0.0001737405,0.00009054474,0.0004263343,0.0003485947,0.0003530085,0.8935888,0.000110851,0.0001957453,0.01051554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009480542,0.006672584,0.9543682,0.0000149365,0.00005530489,0.0002920057,0.0002139858,0.002229473,0.03536398,0.0000918572,0.0005830161,0.00001987688],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997345,0.00003730853,0.00004839478,0.000004917139,0.000002003373,0.000006821806,0.0000293772,0.000007713307,0.0001290022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985917,0.00007047147,0.0004379021,0.00005780755,0.000004124597,0.00002999299,0.0001874124,0.000003737973,0.0006167596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003852067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007659316,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01453774973321893,"score_gpt":0.2045421874752379,"score_spread":0.190004437742019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}