{"id":"W2040684456","doi":"10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.005","title":"Biomass pretreatment: Fundamentals toward application","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biotechnology Advances","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1961,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hemicellulose; Biorefinery; Biomass (ecology); Biofuel; Lignocellulosic biomass; Renewable energy; Cellulose; Pulp and paper industry; Lignin; Biochemical engineering; Fermentation; Biomass to liquid; Environmental science; Chemistry; Biotechnology; Agronomy; Food science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006521549,0.001414676,0.001261712,0.001741798,0.0002978062,0.001077415,0.000955578,0.00104767,0.001896787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004858032,0.0004679069,0.0004658548,0.002440465,0.0006064481,0.001818524,0.0009583092,0.001780496,0.002013864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007075334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001258324,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009515845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00223742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999783,0.0000252925,0.00002499574,0.00004869588,0.00009234837,0.0000256166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999823,0.00006634637,0.00003102193,0.00001148615,0.00005173136,0.00001641391],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006875953,0.0001319284,0.0001543505,0.01487516,0.00005714724,0.0002281105,0.00004192353,0.0009966776,0.01876358,0.004246876,0.01398033,0.9464551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001054534,0.00008917468,0.0005173486,0.001579577,0.00006691965,0.0006329058,0.00005223246,0.0002744558,0.009454024,0.002479016,0.9848202,0.00002355629],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004453731,0.9951964,0.001785924,0.00025989,0.0002998542,0.00001073974,0.00003389412,0.00001848655,0.001949467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001363311,0.9958171,0.001117016,0.0001842063,0.0001249326,0.0000103913,0.00004749298,0.000003711401,0.0013318],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001896787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006345451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03157078917620097,"score_gpt":0.2781645100318124,"score_spread":0.2465937208556114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}