{"id":"W2041024465","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1320585111","title":"Effect of woody-plant encroachment on livestock production in North and South America","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Livestock; Agroforestry; Production (economics); Woody plant; Geography; Forestry; Environmental science; Biology; Ecology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006056913,0.0002400285,0.0002504708,0.0003639834,0.0002854428,0.0007570068,0.0003690226,0.0002863961,0.002176496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001441125,0.0001428899,0.0005416158,0.0005400955,0.0004890628,0.0004699572,0.000601252,0.0003087655,0.0001116399],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001472875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005843644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08897562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1846792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996585,0.0001349746,0.00001914077,0.00007361506,0.00004442748,0.00006926887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987168,0.0003496474,0.000472755,0.00006334507,0.0001168647,0.0002805472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001766242,0.00007330556,0.9905369,0.0000596513,0.0001681739,0.0001979782,0.0002954107,0.00257931,0.001635377,0.0002397066,0.0003305015,0.003706986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000073521,0.00004001144,0.9969289,0.00001160536,0.00002943068,0.00004850957,0.0003465436,0.002036924,0.00006935433,0.00009945129,0.0003782756,0.000003706625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985624,0.0002486629,0.00006014372,0.0001282201,0.000002879716,0.000003379474,0.0001566309,0.000004625692,0.0008330916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999213,0.0003151293,0.0001047462,0.0000365259,0.000005014274,0.000004505306,0.000177838,0.000003383889,0.0001400131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08897562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1769154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02174656836328363,"score_gpt":0.2401746421038555,"score_spread":0.2184280737405719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}