{"id":"W2041314074","doi":"10.1017/s0007123411000160","title":"Language and Ideology in Congress","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"British Journal of Political Science","topic":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ideology; Legislature; Interpretation (philosophy); Political science; Politics; Law; Linguistics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002823573,0.00002820284,0.0001125535,0.0001218728,0.0001469262,0.00005993298,0.0002256757,0.00002450387,0.0001902429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001865381,0.00002864195,0.00002853977,0.000374677,0.001537692,0.0002676093,0.00004097692,0.0001120654,0.000002070385],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005335929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002562169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01102274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00300027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988883,0.0001740846,0.0001959574,0.00008554204,0.0003147825,0.000341375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992604,0.0001947969,0.00005990883,0.00002512942,0.0001598664,0.0002999048],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004916567,0.00005253862,0.02825695,0.00000189457,0.000003246606,0.000426722,0.004098954,6.270691e-7,0.0001596481,0.907314,0.00002261025,0.05965789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001716634,0.0000355337,0.8824768,0.00003446583,0.000007001068,0.000369997,0.004482092,0.00004999534,0.0001267288,0.1119566,0.0002283709,0.00006074194],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9784529,0.0002565875,0.0005291972,0.0005045805,0.0001588203,0.00001960665,6.96054e-7,0.000003179792,0.02007444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951311,0.00002373827,0.004463433,0.0001853764,0.00008616359,2.310813e-7,3.102762e-8,0.000001121793,0.0001088278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8542199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955629,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03988064428790917,"score_gpt":0.3808767252756357,"score_spread":0.3409960809877265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}