{"id":"W2041577694","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2011.11.002","title":"Carbon capture and storage using alkaline industrial wastes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":646,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Carbonation; Carbon sequestration; Carbon capture and storage (timeline); Alkalinity; Chemistry; Waste management; Weathering; Environmental science; Renewable energy; Carbon fibers; Carbon dioxide; Materials science; Geology; Geochemistry; Engineering; Climate change","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002563003,0.00006664673,0.00006059826,0.00006355151,0.0001478089,0.00003312984,0.00009235657,0.00005108453,0.0001724873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000273744,0.00005686193,0.000006486883,0.0003188686,0.0008512948,0.000275499,0.0001158517,0.00008184275,8.259366e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004039709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001665793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008982074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004114087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999341,0.00003315502,0.0001087749,0.0002266001,0.0001465861,0.0001439405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997844,0.0000126943,0.00004800186,0.00008015858,0.00001151581,0.00006328481],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001008115,0.0002601046,0.8453199,0.000005181819,0.000004680292,0.00003827522,0.003383972,0.003384867,0.004472424,0.01617374,0.00003967557,0.1268163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002207564,0.0004653033,0.4740804,0.0001631285,0.00004401203,0.0003813662,0.003340597,0.4799516,0.0192937,0.01198798,0.006930026,0.001154364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959942,0.0001137147,0.0002004342,0.00009026441,0.0001666201,0.00004188911,5.035967e-7,0.00001599353,0.00337637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990391,0.00002161681,0.0007423516,0.00006571165,0.00001602063,0.000006292573,6.47184e-7,0.00000183049,0.0001064912],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4765667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3136631,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04764199144627487,"score_gpt":0.2684234799349563,"score_spread":0.2207814884886814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}