{"id":"W2041637534","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00073","title":"The physical nature of thermal conduction in dry granular media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"New Mexico State University","keywords":"Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Composite material; Granular material; Thermal; Conductivity; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000214875,0.000196682,0.0001995247,0.0003615101,0.0004901997,0.0008727201,0.000223116,0.0002697789,0.0008594061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009313768,0.0002227279,0.0001057108,0.0002003815,0.001633813,0.000785575,0.0003637809,0.0004845767,0.0001089006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003317941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001889891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008324399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009098835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998077,0.00002525803,0.00000936484,0.00004394559,0.00008222568,0.00003147714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995442,0.0002436331,0.00007436104,0.00004928655,0.00005428465,0.00003411324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004508466,0.00004123259,0.001635446,0.0001785152,0.000009202797,0.0002456389,0.0001564078,0.005517994,0.9846388,0.00227991,0.00007241612,0.004773695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007785883,0.0004464129,0.02171307,0.00004512522,0.0000243317,0.0005908629,0.0005553577,0.03766479,0.9324173,0.004239168,0.002172547,0.00005328741],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856414,0.0006386337,0.009536901,0.00006945203,0.00002562601,0.00003439328,0.00008214209,0.00005018699,0.003921197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986421,0.0001168368,0.0006991749,0.000009544127,0.000003977446,0.00001168562,0.00002219792,0.000005328668,0.0004890232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008727201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00287503,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0116591674094688,"score_gpt":0.2340793121040388,"score_spread":0.22242014469457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}