{"id":"W2041637534","doi":"10.1680/geolett.14.00073","title":"The physical nature of thermal conduction in dry granular media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique Letters","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"New Mexico State University","keywords":"Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Composite material; Granular material; Thermal; Conductivity; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002401289,0.00009715671,0.0001326052,0.00004660949,0.00004174356,0.00001078854,0.0002090633,0.0001347546,0.000003599537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002917199,0.00006811476,0.00005706825,0.0002049131,0.0001153101,0.00005865673,0.00002688209,0.0003152451,0.000009529288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003582874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001591554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002937748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003600936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992607,0.00008506538,0.0001725424,0.0001408669,0.000176378,0.0001644927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994716,0.0000604812,0.00008222666,0.0003099063,0.00003479577,0.00004098657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004106204,0.00009146675,0.0008214056,0.00001441604,0.00002084895,0.000008969231,0.001257103,0.01684625,0.8123408,0.1551879,0.002339704,0.01103005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001736218,0.0001008542,0.02683886,0.0001351067,0.0000409492,0.00002072387,0.0009784342,0.005547956,0.598026,0.02185917,0.3439066,0.0008090688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912469,0.00006932931,0.000588056,0.006121716,0.0001352643,0.0001528612,0.000002389695,0.00008627316,0.001597161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986798,0.000003507034,0.0002813315,0.0006327027,0.000215648,0.0001201467,0.000007891326,0.00001774595,0.00004127301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3415669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4441016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0116591674094688,"score_gpt":0.2340793121040388,"score_spread":0.22242014469457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}