{"id":"W2042419732","doi":"10.1115/1.4000377","title":"Pressure Drop in Laminar Developing Flow in Noncircular Ducts: A Scaling and Modeling Approach","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Pressure drop; Duct (anatomy); Scaling; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Heat exchanger; Flow conditioning; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Anatomy; Turbulence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003733514,0.0001498733,0.0002735618,0.0004014481,0.00001486395,0.00003427652,0.00008899841,0.00009879583,8.540375e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003542579,0.0001580499,0.00003712734,0.0003305475,0.000003604536,0.0003479967,0.000005876905,0.0003415608,1.716617e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009525285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002373858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002584122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.167924e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990234,0.00001252447,0.0004743296,0.00009941209,0.0001516509,0.0002387271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998,0.00001601819,0.00001073013,0.0000676385,0.00003997251,0.00006568977],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005043318,0.00001128449,0.0001694961,0.0001701291,0.00001208968,0.00003232116,0.0008791643,0.9827896,0.01417802,0.00006055702,0.000001920707,0.001690412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005381518,0.00001966231,0.001051988,0.000391435,0.00001367676,0.00009037997,0.00006137104,0.9966429,0.0009741751,0.00002322175,0.00002415626,0.0001689145],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3426945,0.002941587,0.6541167,0.00002409928,0.00007380875,0.00005720366,4.128692e-7,0.00003016841,0.00006147009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9210371,0.0005293968,0.07831164,0.00001138125,0.00008482162,0.000001429705,0.000001097395,0.00002218908,9.839689e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5783426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6445087,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01034054424355994,"score_gpt":0.1994187981867163,"score_spread":0.1890782539431564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}