{"id":"W2042617786","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2010.04.009","title":"Orthographic learning in learning to spell: The roles of semantics and type of practice","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"","keywords":"Spelling; Spell; Psychology; Semantics (computer science); Dictation; Orthographic projection; Natural language processing; Reading (process); Task (project management); Cognitive psychology; Relevance (law); Artificial intelligence; Linguistics; Computer science; Speech recognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001006257,0.0001183485,0.0003006793,0.000327783,0.00004217922,0.00001126004,0.0002004541,0.0001053812,0.0001917056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002162393,0.00008715781,0.00006469514,0.0003060606,0.0001310075,0.00007873048,0.0000437411,0.000952385,0.00001123874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006487606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001818056,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001998699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001114837,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985771,0.0002985993,0.0006193531,0.0001583816,0.0001647424,0.0001818653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988,0.0002578407,0.0006015309,0.0001635294,0.000106642,0.00007040049],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002463856,0.00152796,0.5500089,0.00001883368,0.0004130289,0.0001329703,0.1294737,0.0001348542,0.2989495,0.006537916,0.001366126,0.008972313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003037092,0.003905019,0.7826919,0.0002372035,0.00006464445,0.003869637,0.02918653,0.00001282988,0.01415675,0.0001114859,0.1624156,0.0003113053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9705193,0.001885118,0.00002317739,0.001551252,0.000935932,0.00009569892,2.724075e-7,0.000004218882,0.02498501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979541,0.0001081273,0.001247702,0.0003596074,0.0001059907,9.855306e-7,6.729666e-7,0.00001581895,0.0002070466],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2847928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4137692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01606539876163353,"score_gpt":0.3764541907885339,"score_spread":0.3603887920269003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}