{"id":"W2043493556","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.84.024003","title":"Cosmological apparent and trapping horizons","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology","topic":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric; Event horizon; Apparent horizon; Physics; Mathematical physics; Curvature; Horizon; Gravitation; Spacetime; Classical mechanics; Theoretical physics; Quantum mechanics; Cosmology; Mathematics; Geometry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004912555,0.0002692162,0.0001913643,0.0007136195,0.0008639074,0.001299171,0.000349369,0.0004843243,0.003393578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002330536,0.0001639047,0.0002901382,0.0005514867,0.002072874,0.002915383,0.0009304064,0.0009004801,0.0001465467],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00139995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004837488,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003080995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002487481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999869,0.00002795727,0.000004997489,0.00002704922,0.00004069028,0.00003038402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995358,0.0001338633,0.0001307027,0.00004963273,0.00004727901,0.0001027094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009119942,0.000004058549,0.0003672797,0.00002155453,0.000003942529,0.00006403743,0.0002849455,0.001834903,0.0004833036,0.9927643,0.0004276631,0.003734946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009120251,0.00002649245,0.004274277,0.00003131801,0.00001123812,0.0003746104,0.0003098098,0.01332686,0.0004898503,0.9675503,0.01356656,0.0000295045],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6741304,0.02221704,0.09383112,0.003861393,0.0003541419,0.00005498545,0.0005313706,0.0001910853,0.2048284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849944,0.001736166,0.004974837,0.00005342858,0.0001114128,0.00001382514,0.0000756158,0.0000161685,0.00802411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003393578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01135272,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02847492248014198,"score_gpt":0.3211271382474741,"score_spread":0.2926522157673321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}