{"id":"W2044441344","doi":"10.1057/ip.2013.24","title":"Before and after borders: The nomadic challenge to sovereign territoriality","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Politics","topic":"Post-Soviet Geopolitical Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sovereignty; Territoriality; Political economy; State (computer science); Salience (neuroscience); European union; Population; Territorial integrity; Political science; Sociology; Law; International trade; Politics; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002242255,0.0001030131,0.00009229106,0.00004645129,0.0001905694,0.0002203252,0.000381937,0.00009137816,0.0004703595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007140252,0.00008198863,0.00004731034,0.00005814504,0.0003702229,0.0002354012,0.0001441574,0.0001351703,0.0002241458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002008605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001310548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01112087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004582874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986664,0.00008088172,0.0001866491,0.0001836837,0.0004650906,0.0004172995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990633,0.0001510217,0.00003383917,0.0001705337,0.0003068994,0.0002743764],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002730664,0.00003134467,0.004821772,0.00000340928,0.00001988818,0.000001614606,0.00633468,5.642024e-7,8.054475e-7,0.986573,0.001179037,0.001031127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001692381,0.0000529529,0.07710973,0.00001996509,0.00001201666,0.000001445333,0.002987486,0.0002498362,0.0000026732,0.6772619,0.2419664,0.0001663394],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5975639,0.00004442023,0.0001559959,0.1054161,0.004598876,0.000639486,0.0002123291,0.0001015261,0.2912673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894877,0.00001094018,0.0002157831,0.003580197,0.003552076,0.00006648899,0.00000729147,0.00001111462,0.003068381],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3919238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954641,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01170156299589107,"score_gpt":0.3129796550563777,"score_spread":0.3012780920604866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}