{"id":"W2045078594","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00725.x","title":"The origin of extended disc galaxies at <i>z</i> = 2","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Galaxy; Halo; Galaxy formation and evolution; Dark matter halo; Virial mass; Virial theorem; Type-cD galaxy; Angular momentum; Specific relative angular momentum; Dark matter; Galaxy rotation curve; Disc galaxy; Satellite galaxy; Galactic halo; Baryon; Astronomy; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003283219,0.0002759458,0.0002917626,0.000749415,0.0004648037,0.001542953,0.0007285817,0.0005190416,0.001720313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001103285,0.0002097059,0.0003230402,0.0005187441,0.0005978571,0.0003572094,0.0008386536,0.0004174781,0.0003470598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009512052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001882802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006110308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003657929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999217,0.0000119469,0.000002992491,0.00002328885,0.00001470483,0.00002547893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992347,0.0001385642,0.000243158,0.00007870948,0.00007084363,0.0002340679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006907055,0.0001222356,0.9127023,0.00007919611,0.0001763329,0.001324929,0.00109906,0.02410753,0.03607316,0.01240096,0.002186107,0.009037501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001308605,0.00008074333,0.9435228,0.00002734377,0.00007496722,0.0003954451,0.0004325677,0.04406845,0.004677888,0.004083986,0.002465747,0.00003928022],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971552,0.00009338478,0.0004457425,0.00007505889,0.000004440512,0.000005270042,0.0001900172,0.00006632723,0.001964706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996083,0.00001436847,0.000142339,0.00001103598,0.000003487698,0.000001423617,0.0001299061,0.000007594901,0.00008147499],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006110308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01214951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005201330715101481,"score_gpt":0.1933788627376744,"score_spread":0.1881775320225729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}