{"id":"W2046026089","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2009.11.006","title":"Without zoning: Urban development and land use controls in Houston","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cities","topic":"Housing Market and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Zoning; Land use; Economic interventionism; Urban planning; Local government; Equity (law); Intervention (counseling); Business; Legislature; Corporate governance; Land development; Environmental planning; Government (linguistics); Land-use planning; Economic growth; Public administration; Economics; Geography; Political science; Finance; Law; Civil engineering; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001573562,0.0006005355,0.000753922,0.0007578102,0.0008164129,0.00227376,0.001342717,0.0008932452,0.008571388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003953991,0.000313833,0.0007400742,0.001957122,0.001515559,0.001457024,0.001409019,0.00125213,0.0004098235],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003146162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003851867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3220087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3316297,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987308,0.0004293056,0.00003616273,0.0001837861,0.00007980089,0.0005400591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950081,0.001619281,0.001292322,0.000320797,0.0004004998,0.001359098],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002090689,0.0005643239,0.9263857,0.0000752675,0.0005672767,0.0006613155,0.0004954276,0.03694662,0.0004225512,0.01152869,0.01319247,0.007069639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000280099,0.0003833308,0.9025611,0.00003883603,0.0005946119,0.00008493213,0.003861391,0.0768144,0.0007885671,0.005425673,0.00909103,0.00007594311],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944495,0.0005383201,0.0004107261,0.001447351,0.00006017414,0.00001483935,0.001492491,0.00004157569,0.001544993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995733,0.0001050412,0.00008888807,0.00006618313,0.0000560051,0.000006811084,0.0008496227,0.000009709219,0.003084629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3220087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6402688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02719937074037495,"score_gpt":0.1943320998949555,"score_spread":0.1671327291545806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}