{"id":"W2046112541","doi":"10.1186/s12916-015-0270-2","title":"Why are there deadly drugs?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"BMC Medicine","topic":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; York University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Drug; Food and drug administration; Harm; Clinical trial; Intensive care medicine; Risk analysis (engineering); Drug reaction; Number needed to harm; Pharmacology; Alternative medicine; Number needed to treat; Internal medicine; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009237253,0.000686927,0.0009662603,0.0003034785,0.00025492,0.00001566535,0.0007463011,0.001719442,0.008692019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002222637,0.000544498,0.0002220469,0.0003502259,0.000535804,0.0001446654,0.0001053942,0.006115417,0.001932483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002444899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003689983,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001390675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004158599,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9964081,0.000708379,0.0006176556,0.0007317265,0.0006462614,0.000887845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971426,0.0009429573,0.0005531714,0.0006300134,0.0002971909,0.0004340827],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009911232,0.00007237756,0.0008892887,0.0003189527,0.0002735315,0.0008577902,0.0003790408,0.0000415743,0.0003867988,0.00001655686,0.9957833,0.0008816304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002877542,0.0000797941,0.00006584556,0.0002556697,0.0008699659,0.00009449834,0.0005633524,0.000142805,0.000256958,0.0003332639,0.9939098,0.0005505208],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.001974849,0.007423926,0.00006399873,0.9059362,0.007588747,0.0007893005,0.0003153856,0.0004330833,0.07547455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002362623,0.001121767,0.00003988804,0.942297,0.02697537,0.0001353748,0.0008897753,0.000115934,0.02606227],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04941228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2168331970620767,"score_gpt":0.4580074323702534,"score_spread":0.2411742353081767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}