{"id":"W2046664789","doi":"10.1063/1.3050523","title":"Formation of X-waves at fundamental and harmonics by infrared femtosecond pulse filamentation in air","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Filamentation; Femtosecond; Harmonics; Optics; Wavelength; Harmonic; High harmonic generation; Physics; Laser; Pulse (music); Infrared; Nonlinear optics; Protein filament; Wave propagation; Fundamental frequency; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002320515,0.0001147889,0.0001287922,0.00003355631,0.0001163947,0.00001081351,0.00006189376,0.00001654834,0.0001069557],"category_scores_gemma":[1.930176e-7,0.0001239703,0.00003631415,0.0001131556,0.00006760335,0.0002503544,0.00004121352,0.00008684058,0.00002670568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004914002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007590465,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007966783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002804728,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993775,0.000009501012,0.0002293788,0.000158092,0.00009239654,0.000133091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996427,0.00003454402,0.0001428741,0.0001353911,0.00001174432,0.00003271545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002019102,0.0002045525,0.01052411,0.00001899678,0.00002896316,2.811947e-7,0.001638396,0.0003489279,0.9690443,0.002185215,0.01368219,0.002303874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001955368,0.00002706739,0.03134038,0.00002341279,0.00003053986,0.000003048855,0.001162688,0.0006883088,0.9587202,0.001634924,0.004011496,0.0004025266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935138,0.000004028388,0.00337856,0.0002470357,0.00002182399,0.0002412231,0.0001432145,0.00001056535,0.002439746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982769,0.000002629988,0.0003204799,0.0005504264,0.00004267918,0.0001162399,0.0005729477,0.00001248622,0.0001052035],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02081628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5055364,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01168562293294877,"score_gpt":0.2249639556942936,"score_spread":0.2132783327613448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}