{"id":"W2047460974","doi":"10.1016/s0166-4972(01)00016-5","title":"A study of R&D, innovation, and business performance in the Canadian biotechnology industry","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Technovation","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":274,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University at Buffalo","keywords":"Business; Revenue; Marketing; Product (mathematics); Biotechnology; Industrial organization; Sample (material); Accounting","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004974174,0.00006850126,0.0001261598,0.001532519,0.00009006199,0.00001567223,0.0001562377,0.000231424,0.00005393212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001660604,0.00006751592,0.000004041013,0.006107151,0.00005694059,0.0001205017,0.00001770762,0.00028322,0.0000230629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005890629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001214409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008723713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02261793,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99922,0.000001498222,0.0004710848,0.0001552182,0.00003544208,0.0001167932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994271,0.000008206572,0.0002113957,0.0002385318,0.000107875,0.000006860499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[7.873849e-7,0.00007388099,0.3536339,0.000008051342,0.000003024723,3.901077e-7,0.00049165,0.000005930227,0.00001416579,0.6440778,0.0002207631,0.00146965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007902284,0.00009685467,0.9431707,0.00001502261,0.000001687595,0.000009387601,0.0005937567,0.0006206351,0.0001041337,0.04329352,0.01112601,0.0001780576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927197,0.00004379656,0.00007889777,0.002222221,0.00004179804,0.0002613385,0.0000060962,0.00002645974,0.004599705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993514,0.00001148416,0.000158062,0.0003345332,0.00001092537,0.00003077913,0.000008782112,0.000006216379,0.00008783289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6007843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07420986278259646,"score_gpt":0.2279576252348178,"score_spread":0.1537477624522213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}