{"id":"W2048854712","doi":"10.1002/bbb.229","title":"Biomethane production from starch and lignocellulosic crops: a comparative review","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":237,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Biofuel; Renewable energy; Biomass (ecology); Energy crop; Lignocellulosic biomass; Renewable resource; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Methane; Bioenergy; Cellulosic ethanol; Biorefinery; Agronomy; Biodegradable waste; Waste management; Chemistry; Cellulose; Engineering; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006087495,0.0009232632,0.002022088,0.000446516,0.000216544,0.0001547257,0.0002632879,0.0006769556,0.00008733934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008084087,0.000686442,0.0001871313,0.0009311223,0.0004379558,0.0002292424,0.000197912,0.001081791,0.000105285],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005836587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007363693,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000640301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006443666,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967409,0.000126389,0.0008653517,0.001460811,0.0002966189,0.0005099233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985208,0.00005792171,0.000305078,0.0007338402,0.0001262413,0.0002561008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007794103,0.00003482883,0.000004406611,0.05265544,0.0001604954,0.000006720382,0.0001451948,2.017671e-8,0.00352569,0.000007071576,0.001282699,0.9421697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001440052,0.00009957876,0.00000847221,0.01848244,0.0006536214,0.0001136846,0.00004498737,0.000005503229,0.002246018,0.00002479876,0.9772896,0.0008873054],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002028192,0.993328,0.000002476252,0.0003651743,0.002281131,0.001220429,0.0002436685,0.0003813999,0.000149544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003821771,0.9956486,0.001535158,0.0000709618,0.001428383,0.00006433651,0.0005265728,0.000093371,0.0002504281],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9760069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06548232195319773,"score_gpt":0.3009639820709631,"score_spread":0.2354816601177654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}