{"id":"W2049169200","doi":"10.1115/gt2008-50437","title":"Pressure Dependence of Soot Formation in Diffusion Flames","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Soot; Diffusion flame; Atmospheric pressure; Laminar flow; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Diffusion; Volume (thermodynamics); Combustion; Materials science; Adiabatic flame temperature; Methane; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Combustor; Meteorology; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00001959392,0.0000595303,0.00009180452,0.0000798051,0.00001196362,8.362574e-7,0.0001131115,0.00006256658,0.00004408811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001269294,0.00005281925,0.00001797681,0.0001468746,0.00002340986,0.0001888272,0.00005221979,0.0001071566,0.000006545198],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001590728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002783699,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001012745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003656489,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995654,0.000002990207,0.0001588259,0.00007416101,0.0001013053,0.00009728967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997582,0.00003304515,0.00003292981,0.0001417265,0.00002255532,0.00001152754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001603698,0.00006641603,0.002303975,0.0001147724,0.000006895705,0.0000116942,0.0003554188,0.4609699,0.5149062,0.01329496,0.0001731187,0.007780689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002906273,0.00001485562,0.00202553,0.00003369558,0.000002421648,0.0000187242,0.0001210915,0.4105187,0.5856631,0.0008348486,0.0003767928,0.00009960782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6034513,0.0001263563,0.3939246,0.00005847531,0.00002173497,0.00007185915,9.451248e-7,0.0003849906,0.001959824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896652,0.00006327203,0.009765235,0.000004675684,0.00000453315,0.000007695019,0.000001704255,0.000005603099,0.0004821236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3862139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2153906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01301026659102198,"score_gpt":0.2230170469793457,"score_spread":0.2100067803883237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}